A Christian history lesson

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MechanicMan
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A Christian history lesson

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If you do a search of this forum on the word "fundamentalist" you will find many times it has been used to label someone who is a "Christian", however, each time I have seen it used in relation to a Christian it has been used incorrectly. Here is an article that rightly explains what Christian Fundamentalism is.


Creation Volume 30 Issue 4 Cover

First published:
Creation
30(4):15–17
September 2008

Browse this issue
Anyone for fundamentalism?

by Russell Grigg

Lewis Carroll’s children’s book Through the Looking-Glass has the following conversation: ‘“When I use a word,” Humpty Dumpty said in a rather scornful tone, “it means just what I choose it to mean—neither more nor less.”

“The question is,” said Alice, “whether you can make words mean so many different things.”

“The question is,” said Humpty Dumpty, “which is to be master—that’s all.”’

Christian fundamentalism

Once upon a time (well, about a hundred years ago) conservative Christians in the USA felt the need to re-affirm the fundamental beliefs of Protestant Christianity. Orthodox biblical belief was being attacked by theologians promoting liberal theology, German higher criticism of the Bible, Darwinism, and other ‘isms’ regarded as contrary to all that was written in the Christians’ holy book, the Bible.

In 1909, millionaire oil magnate Lyman Stewart2 and his brother, Milton, provided for the publication of a 12-volume series of 94 essays on conservative Christian theology, entitled The Fundamentals: A Testimony to the Truth. These essays were then written by 64 American and British conservative Protestant theologians between 1910 and 1915, and about three million sets of these books were sent free of charge to ministers, missionaries, Sunday-school teachers and Christian leaders in the USA and abroad.3 In 1917, with the original fund exhausted, the Bible Institute of Los Angeles (now Biola University) reprinted the articles in a four-volume set, edited by R.A. Torrey.4

This title reminded readers that certain core doctrines were essential or fundamental to biblically based Christianity because they were all unequivocally expounded in the Bible. These major doctrines were:

1. The inerrancy of the Bible
2. The virgin birth of Christ
3. The substitutionary atonement of Christ
4. The bodily resurrection of Christ
5. The authenticity of Christ’s miracles.5

Throughout the 1920s, in the USA, fundamentalists and modernists struggled for control of the larger denominations.

The first of these points relates directly to belief in biblical creation. The time-honoured historical-grammatical understanding of Genesis leads to only one conclusion—that it is a historical narrative, declared to be true by the Lord Jesus Christ and the apostolic writers, that tells of a six-real-day recent creation followed by a global Flood. The only presumptive alternative is that Genesis is mistaken—thus the Bible would not be inerrant.

Soon the term ‘fundamentalist’ became attached to anyone who believed in these traditional biblical doctrines, and zealously defended them against the challenges of liberal theology.

Throughout the 1920s, in the USA, fundamentalists and modernists struggled for control of the larger denominations. For fundamentalists this was nothing less than a struggle for true historic Christianity against the reformulation of Christian doctrines in modernistic terms, incorporating naturalistic views that had crept into the churches. However, modernism was not easily disenfranchised. The result was that, in the 1930s, the term fundamentalist gradually shifted in meaning to apply to those who embraced a policy of separation as a means of maintaining the fundamentals of the faith—if they could not remove modernists from the church, they would remove the church (i.e. themselves) from the modernists.


Then in the 1940s, some of the separatists wished to regain fellowship with the orthodox Protestants who made up the vast majority of the Presbyterian, Baptist, Methodist and Episcopalian denominations. They therefore began calling themselves evangelicals rather than fundamentalists, but they still broadly upheld the conservative, fundamental beliefs of the faith.

During the late 1970s and the 1980s, many of the separatist fundamentalists re-thought their withdrawal from society, became politically active, and as such were sometimes described as neo-fundamentalists.

The Iran hostage crisis of 1979–817 marked a major turning point in the use of the term fundamentalism. In an attempt to explain the ideology of Ayatollah Khomeini and the Iranian Revolution to a Western audience which had little familiarity with Islam, the Western media came to describe it as a ‘fundamentalist version of Islam’. Note that this is a Western term. Muslims generally do not divide themselves into fundamentalists and non-fundamentalists. All Muslims are required to accept what is written in their holy book, the Koran (or Qur’an) as authoritative, not only in the area of religion, but also in every facet of their life and behaviour.

Nevertheless, in the Western media, the term ‘Islamic fundamentalist’ is most often used to describe those who advocate or use violence in the replacement of a country’s secular laws with Islamic law. This is also termed ‘jihad’ , which is an Arabic word meaning ‘struggle’, and is used by Muslims to describe a holy war against infidels (i.e. non-Muslims) and infidel countries, with the aim of the expansion and defence of the Islamic state. Islamic violence is also involved in forcibly making captives convert to Islam.

So what does the Koran say about such activity?8

‘But when the forbidden months are past, then fight and slay the Pagans wherever ye find them, and seize them, beleaguer them, and lie in wait for them in every stratagem of war; but if they repent, and establish regular prayers and practice regular charity, then open the way for them: For Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful’ (Surah 9:5).

‘Fight those who believe not in Allah nor the Last Day, nor hold that forbidden which hath been forbidden by Allah and His Apostle, nor acknowledge the Religion of Truth, even if they are of the People of the Book,9 until they pay the Jizya10 with willing submission, and feel themselves subdued’ (Surah 9:29).

‘Remember thy Lord inspired the angels with the message: “I am with you: Give firmness to the Believers: I will instill terror into the hearts of the Unbelievers: Smite ye above their necks and smite all their fingertips off them”’ (Surah 8:12).

‘O ye who believe! Fight the Unbelievers who gird you about, and let them find firmness in you: And know that Allah is with those who fear Him’ (Surah 9:123).

Thus a Muslim who engages in jihad is acting in accordance with the teachings of Mohammed. However, if someone calling themselves a Christian commits atrocities, he would be acting contrary to the teachings of Jesus, who said, ‘Love your neighbour as yourself’ (Matthew 22:39.)

The result of all this is that the press now uses the term ‘fundamentalism’ in relation to acts of terror, oppression, violence, etc., and this association is carried over when the term is used of Christians. So instead of being a compliment, the term ‘fundamentalist’ has become a slur. A word which for scores of years meant that a Christian was Bible-believing, evangelical and virtuous, is now used to mean that they are brainwashed, extremist and anti-social. Some Christians now use the term to deride other Christians with whom they disagree, especially if the others are conservative, young-Earth creationists, and take the Bible seriously.
Conclusion

So has the term fundamentalist passed its use-by date for Christians? It may well have. Therefore it is probably not helpful for us to call ourselves fundamentalists these days. Perhaps we should simply say we are ‘Bible-believing Christians’. After all, in God’s sight, what other sort are there supposed to be?
References and notes

1. Lewis Carroll was the pen-name used by English mathematician and children’s author Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (1832–1898). Quotation is from Carroll, L., Through the Looking-Glass and what Alicefound there, Puffin edition, Penguin Books, London, p. 87, 2003. Return to text.
2. Head of the Union Oil Co. and founder of the Bible Institute of Los Angeles. Return to text.
3. Details from Wikipedia article, Fundamentalist Christianity, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamentalist_Christianity, 1 November, 2007. Return to text.
4. Reprinted again by Biola in 1993, but now out of print. Second-hand copies may be available. See also http://www.xmission.com/~fidelis/ for details re content of each volume. Return to text.
5. Adopted by the General Assembly of the Northern Presbyterian Church in 1910. Other groups had ‘the deity of Christ’ as No. 2, and some groups listed ‘the pre-millennial return of Christ’ as No. 5. Enns, P.P., Moody handbook of theology, Moody Bible Institute, Chicago, pp. 613–621, 1989. Return to text.
6. In time, some Christians also applied this ‘separatism’ to what they called worldly activities, such as drinking alcohol, smoking, dancing, immodest dressing, listening to contemporary music, etc. Return to text.
7. Militants in Iran seized 66 American citizens at the US Embassy in Tehran, holding 52 of them hostage for 444 days, following the revolution that transformed Iran from a pro-Western monarchy under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, to an Islamic republic under Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. Return to text.
8. Quotations are from the 1935 Abdullah Yusuf Ali translation of the Koran from The Word Online Bible CD. Return to text.
9. I.e. Christians and observant Jews. Return to text.
10. I.e. a tax which non-Muslims must pay, but no Muslim. Return to text.
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Queen K
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Re: A Christian history lesson

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cappadocia

This is where Christianity began, not in Israel. Go see the underground cities and Christain paintings for yourself.

Also, read "How the Irish Saved Civilization" to understand how many Christian writings were preserved by Irish monks.
As WW3 develops, no one is going to be dissing the "preppers." What have you done?
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MechanicMan
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Re: A Christian history lesson

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Queen K wrote:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cappadocia

This is where Christianity began, not in Israel. Go see the underground cities and Christain paintings for yourself.

Also, read "How the Irish Saved Civilization" to understand how many Christian writings were preserved by Irish monks.



Wow, a bold statement indeed. I guess I will just go and throw out my bible now since from a wikipedia article you managed to refute everything the Bible claims... :hailjo: :hailjo:
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Queen K
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Re: A Christian history lesson

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Okay Mechanicman, I don't know what you're thinking, but nothing but nothing in that link refutes what your Bible says. I'm pointing out that early Christianity started as a religion in what is now known as Turkey well after Jesus died in what is now known as Israel. There is no repudiation of what your Bible says.
As WW3 develops, no one is going to be dissing the "preppers." What have you done?
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averagejoe
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Re: A Christian history lesson

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The religion of Israelite people started the day God gave vision to Jacob as he slept. The vision was the future of his children and there children and there children and so on.....The stone pillow he used that night was stood up as a pillar and anointed by him. That stone pillow is still around today....a later story.
Christianity started with Christ during his time on earth. His lost 18 years were possibly in England, Scythia and Parthia at that time. As Christ said only go but to the lost sheep of Israel. Christ at the last supper told the 12 apostles to go but only to the lost sheep of Israel. Where did they go after Christ death? Scythia, Parthia, Northern Africa and England along with Joesph of Armithia Jesus's Great Uncle who started the first Church in Glastonberry England. The first 2 area's to declare to be Christian some time in 100AD were Ireland and Armenia east of Turkey. All interesting stuff.....
Ecclesiastes 10:2 A wise man's heart is at his right hand; but a fool's heart at his left.

Thor Heyerdahl Says: “Our lack of knowledge about our own past is appalling.
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MechanicMan
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Re: A Christian history lesson

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Queen K wrote:Okay Mechanicman, I don't know what you're thinking, but nothing but nothing in that link refutes what your Bible says. I'm pointing out that early Christianity started as a religion in what is now known as Turkey well after Jesus died in what is now known as Israel. There is no repudiation of what your Bible says.


Christians were first called Christians at Antioch (Turkey) Acts 11:26 (King James Version)

26And when he had found him, he brought him unto Antioch. And it came to pass, that a whole year they assembled themselves with the church, and taught much people. And the disciples were called Christians first in Antioch.

"Christianity" started with the teachings of Christ and his Apostles in Judea, that is what the Bible says. You cannot separate the teacher from his teachings. Jesus was teaching his doctrines as early as 12 years old to the Jewish religious leaders of the Temple in Jerusalem.

Luk 2:41 Now his parents went to Jerusalem every year at the feast of the passover.

Luk 2:42 And when he was twelve years old, they went up to Jerusalem after the custom of the feast.

Luk 2:43 And when they had fulfilled the days, as they returned, the child Jesus tarried behind in Jerusalem; and Joseph and his mother knew not of it.

Luk 2:44 But they, supposing him to have been in the company, went a day's journey; and they sought him among their kinsfolk and acquaintance.

Luk 2:45 And when they found him not, they turned back again to Jerusalem, seeking him.

Luk 2:46 And it came to pass, that after three days they found him in the temple, sitting in the midst of the doctors, both hearing them, and asking them questions.

Luk 2:47 And all that heard him were astonished at his understanding and answers.

Luk 2:48 And when they saw him, they were amazed: and his mother said unto him, Son, why hast thou thus dealt with us? behold, thy father and I have sought thee sorrowing.

Luk 2:49 And he said unto them, How is it that ye sought me? wist ye not that I must be about my Father's business?

Luk 2:50 And they understood not the saying which he spake unto them.

All of Jesus earthly ministry took place in Judea, so that is where Christianity started. It all branched out from there. There was a large assembly of believers in Antioch, but it came about by the preaching ministry of the apostles who started their preaching in Judea.
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unclemarty
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Re: A Christian history lesson

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The original believers in Yeshuah (Jesus) as the promised Messiah were known as the Netzarim (Nazarenes) and were seen as another Jewish sect that was expected to fizzle out.

An irreconcilable difference emerged when the newly graphted in gentile believers adopted or refused to abandon certain pagan practices that were contrary to the Torah observant life Jesus himself lived (and never claimed to abolish). It's because of these practices that the Nazarene believers split from the gentile 'Christians' sometime in the second century. The gentile Christians then separated themselves formally from the Nazarenes and all things that appeared too 'Jewish' at the Council of Nicea in 325C.E. They insisted that all 'Jewish' practices and interaction with Jews be abandoned, on pain of death.

It's from there that over the course of time, replacement theology flourished and the various strains of Christian denominations developed to what we have today.
(complete with christmas trees, the month of lent, sunday sabbath etc.)

Jesus, the Messiah, the redeemer of mankind, the Lamb of God, the Prince of Peace was a Torah observant Jew who's goal was not to establish a new religion - He fulfilled a promise. His life, death, resurection, and eventual return, was - is - and will match precicely all scripture including the appointed times celebrated annually in the Hebraic callendar.

Then we'll finally be celebrating Sukkot "together wilh all those who call on the name of the Lord".
:nyah:
"Jerusalem is a port city on the shore of eternity." - Yehuda Amichai
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averagejoe
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Re: A Christian history lesson

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MechanicMan wrote:
All of Jesus earthly ministry took place in Judea, so that is where Christianity started. It all branched out from there. There was a large assembly of believers in Antioch, but it came about by the preaching ministry of the apostles who started their preaching in Judea.

How do you know Jesus spent all his time in Judea? From the age of 12 to 30, 18 years the Bible doesn't tell of this time in his life? At age 30 he returned to Nazarene and the most locals didn't remember him? So how can that be?
Ecclesiastes 10:2 A wise man's heart is at his right hand; but a fool's heart at his left.

Thor Heyerdahl Says: “Our lack of knowledge about our own past is appalling.
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averagejoe
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Re: A Christian history lesson

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There are many stories of Christ in England....

Much of the journey to Ancient Briton was thought to be by sea, though parts of it would have to be accomplished by land. The distance across Gaul, for example, is a long trek. Though the specifics of the journey are lost to history, the sheer length of the trip would give rise to the inclusion of many interesting people and possible adventures along the way.
The journey would have no doubt have been dotted with encounters with peoples and cultures very unfamiliar to Jesus and his Uncle Joseph of Arimathea.

http://www.steamchip.com/page029.html

Of Jesus' visits to England, scattered evidence abounds. Here's a short scenario from C.C. Dobson.

http://www.greatdreams.com/jesus2.htm
Ecclesiastes 10:2 A wise man's heart is at his right hand; but a fool's heart at his left.

Thor Heyerdahl Says: “Our lack of knowledge about our own past is appalling.
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averagejoe
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Re: A Christian history lesson

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MechanicMan wrote:
Christians were first called Christians at Antioch (Turkey) Acts 11:26 (King James Version)

As you see on the map I provided that Antioch was close or part of the Parthian Empire (Approx. 250 BC - 250 AD). Turkey is rather new name for the area. As I said earlier before that Armenia (which was a Kingdom in Parthia) became a Christian nation around 100 AD.

http://www.ask.com/wiki/Arsacid_Empire

You can checkout this out...

WHERE DID THE TWELVE APOSTLES GO?

http://www.ensignmessage.com/archives/t ... stles.html
Ecclesiastes 10:2 A wise man's heart is at his right hand; but a fool's heart at his left.

Thor Heyerdahl Says: “Our lack of knowledge about our own past is appalling.
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averagejoe
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Re: A Christian history lesson

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Queen K wrote:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cappadocia

This is where Christianity began, not in Israel. Go see the underground cities and Christain paintings for yourself.

Also, read "How the Irish Saved Civilization" to understand how many Christian writings were preserved by Irish monks.


This is from Queen K Wikipedia posting...

Christianity began to spread in Armenia soon after Jesus's death, due to the efforts of two of his
apostles, St. Thaddeus and St. Bartholomew[21] In the early 3rd century, Arsacid Armenia became the first nation to adopt Christianity as a state religion.[22]

Like I said that Armenia was the first Christian Nation in History! (Armenia was a Kingdom with in the Parthia Empire.) I was out by a couple of centuries...I also said that Ireland was Christian at around the same time!
Ecclesiastes 10:2 A wise man's heart is at his right hand; but a fool's heart at his left.

Thor Heyerdahl Says: “Our lack of knowledge about our own past is appalling.
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averagejoe
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Re: A Christian history lesson

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Prophit Jeremiah took Jacobs Stone (Stone of Destiny) to Ireland...http://www.ensignmessage.com/archives/liaphail.html

Add history of Stone of Destiny...http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wURr3x2Zb_w
Ecclesiastes 10:2 A wise man's heart is at his right hand; but a fool's heart at his left.

Thor Heyerdahl Says: “Our lack of knowledge about our own past is appalling.
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averagejoe
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Re: A Christian history lesson

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Tea Tephi disedent of King David....http://asis.com/users/stag/jerrytea.html
Ecclesiastes 10:2 A wise man's heart is at his right hand; but a fool's heart at his left.

Thor Heyerdahl Says: “Our lack of knowledge about our own past is appalling.

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